一、 Zvikonzero zvakajairika zvinokanganisa kukanda kwepamusoro kupera
1. Chimiro chezvigadzirwa, zvakadai sejecha rekuumba, rakakamurwa kuita denderedzwa, mativi mana uye katatu. Iyo yakaipisisa ndeye triangular, ine mapeji makuru zvikuru (kana iri resin jecha modelling, huwandu hweresin yakawedzerwa huchawedzerawo, uye zvechokwadi huwandu hwegesi huchawedzerawo panguva imwe chete. iri nyore kugadzira pores), chakanakisa ijecha rakatenderera. Kana iri jecha rehupfu hwemarasha, chiyero chejecha (simba uye hunyoro hwejecha) inewo simba guru pakuonekwa. Kana iri carbon dioxide yakaomeswa jecha, saka inonyanya kuenderana nekuputira.
2. Zvinhu. Kana chiyero chemakemikari ekukanda chisina kuenzana, senge yakaderera manganese, zviri nyore kusununguka uye iyo yepamusoro zvinhu ichave yakaoma.
3. Kukandira system. Kana iyo yekukanda system isinganzwisisike, inotungamira nyore kune yakasununguka castings. Muzviitiko zvakakomba, makanda anogona kusadururwa, kana kunyange kukanda kwakazara hakugone kuitwa.
Iyo isinganzwisisike slag inobata sisitimu ichaita kuti slag ipinde mugomba rekuumbwa uye kugadzira maburi e slag.
4. Kugadzira slag. Kana iyo slag musimbi yakanyungudutswa isina kucheneswa kana kuti slag haina kuvharwa panguva yekukanda, zvichiita kuti slag imhanye mumhango ye mold, maburi e slag achaonekwa zvisingaite.
5. Yakagadzirwa nemunhu, nekuda kwekusava nehanya, jecha harina kucheneswa kana kuwira mubhokisi pakuvhara bhokisi, jecha harina kuumbwa muchimiro, kana chiyero chejecha hachina musoro, simba rejecha harina kukwana, uye kukanda kunoburitsa trachoma.
6. Kupfuura mwero wesarufa uye phosphorus kuchakonzera kuputika mukukanda. Paunenge uchigadzira kana kutungamira kugadzirwa, izvi zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chemhando yekukanda.
Zvikonzero zvataurwa pamusoro apa chikamu chiduku chazvo. Nekuda kwekusachinja-chinja uye kwakadzama hunhu hwekukanda kugadzirwa, matambudziko anowanikwa panguva yekugadzira anowanzoitika. Dzimwe nguva dambudziko rinoitika uye chikonzero hachigone kuwanikwa kwenguva yakareba.
二. Zvinhu zvitatu zvikuru zvinokanganisa kushata kwegrey cast iron
Seyero yakakosha yemhando yepamusoro yegrey cast iron, kushata kwepamusoro hakungotaridzi zvakananga kutaridzika kwegrey cast iron zvikamu, asi zvakare kune simba guru pamhando yemidziyo yemuchina uye hupenyu hwebasa hwegrey cast iron zvikamu. . Ichi chinyorwa chinotarisa pakuongorora maitiro ekuvandudza kushata kwepamusoro kwegrey cast iron zvikamu kubva pazvinhu zvitatu: maturusi emuchina, maturusi ekucheka, uye kucheka maparamita.
1. Kupesvedzera kwezvishandiso zvemuchina pamusoro pekukasharara kwegrey cast iron parts
Zvinhu zvakadai sekusasimba kwekusimba kwechishandiso chemuchina, kusarongeka kwe spindle, kusimba kusimba kwechishandiso chemuchina, uye mapundu makuru pakati pezvikamu zvakasiyana zvemuchina wemuchina zvinokanganisa kushata kwepasi kwegrey cast iron.
Semuenzaniso: kana iyo runout yechokwadi yemuchina wekushandisa spindle iri 0.002mm, inova 2 micron runout, saka zvinofungidzirwa hazvigoneke kugadzira workpiece ine roughness yakaderera pane 0.002mm. Kazhinji, maworkpiece ane kushata kwepamusoro kweRa1.0 kwakanaka. Gadzirisa kunze. Uyezve, grey cast iron pachayo ndeyekukanda, saka haigone kugadziriswa nehupamhi hwepamusoro-soro nyore nyore sezvikamu zvesimbi. Pamusoro pezvo, mamiriro emuchina wemudziyo pachawo akashata, zvichiita kuti zvinyanye kuomera kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro.
Iko kuomarara kwechishandiso chemuchina kazhinji kunogadzikwa pafekitori uye haigone kugadziridzwa. Pamusoro pekuomarara kwechishandiso chemuchina, iyo spindle clearance inogona zvakare kugadziridzwa, iko kubereka kwayo kunogona kuvandudzwa, nezvimwewo kuita kuti muchina wekushandisa ive diki, nekudaro kuwana yakakwira pamusoro roughness panguva yekugadzirisa grey cast iron zvikamu. degree rakavimbiswa kune imwe nhanho.
2.Effect yekucheka maturusi pane roughness pamusoro grey cast iron zvikamu
Kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekushandisa
Kana hukama huri pakati pesimbi mamorekuru echishandiso uye zvinhu zvinogadziriswa zvakakwirira, zvinhu zvinogadziriswa zviri nyore kusungirirana nechishandiso kuti zvigadzire mupendero wakavakwa uye scaly. Naizvozvo, kana kunamatira kwakakomba kana kukwesha kwakakomba, kushata kwepamusoro kuchave kwakakura, uye zvakasiyana. . Paunenge uchigadzira grey cast iron zvikamu, zvakaoma kuti carbide inoiswa kuti isvike kune roughness yeRa1.6. Kunyangwe kana ichigona kuwanikwa, hupenyu hwayo hwekushandisa huchadzikiswa zvakanyanya. Nekudaro, maturusi eCBN akagadzirwa neBNK30 ane yakaderera friction coefficient yemidziyo yekushandisa uye yakanakisa-yepamusoro-tembiricha yekudzivirira kupisa. Kugadzikana uye kupfeka kuramba, iyo roughness yeRa1.6 inogona kugadziriswa nyore nyore pakucheka kumhanya kakawanda kupfuura iyo ye carbide. Panguva imwecheteyo, hupenyu hwematurusi hwakapetwa kakapetwa kaviri hwematurusi ecarbide, uye kupenya kwepamusoro kunovandudzwa nehukuru humwe.
Kusarudzwa kwechishandiso geometry paramita
Pakati pematurusi ejometri maparamendi ane simba guru pakushata kwepamusoro pane iyo huru declination angle Kr, yechipiri declination angle Kr' uye chishandiso tip arc radius re. Kana iyo huru uye yechipiri declination angles idiki, kureba kwenzvimbo yakasara yenzvimbo yakagadziriswa zvakare idiki, nokudaro inoderedza hutsinye hwepamusoro; iyo diki iyo yechipiri declination angle, iyo yakaderera pasi roughness, asi kudzikisa yechipiri declination angle kunokonzeresa kudedera, saka kuderedzwa Iyo yechipiri deflection angle inofanirwa kutariswa zvinoenderana nekuoma kwechishandiso chemuchina. Iko kupesvedzera kwechishandiso tip arc radius re pamusoro pehukukutu: Kana rekuwedzera kana kuoma kuchibvumira, kushata kwepamusoro kunodzikira. Kuwedzera re inzira yakanaka yekudzikisa kushata kwepamusoro. Naizvozvo, kuderedza iyo hombe declination angle Kr, yechipiri declination angle Kr 'uye kuwedzera chishandiso tip arc radius r inogona kuderedza kureba kwenzvimbo yakasara, nekudaro ichidzikisa kushata kwepamusoro.
Mainjiniya emidziyo akati, "Zvinokurudzirwa kusarudza arc angle yetipi rekushandisa zvichienderana nekuoma uye roughness zvinodiwa zveworkpiece kuti igadziriswe. Kana iyo kuomarara kwakanaka, edza kusarudza yakakura arc angle, iyo isingazongonatsiridza kugadzirisa kwekugadzirisa, asi zvakare inovandudza kupedzisa kwepamusoro. "Asi kana ichifinha kana kucheka mashaft akatetepa kana zvikamu zvitete-madziro, diki retip arc radius rinowanzo shandiswa nekuda kwekusasimba kwehurongwa."
Kupfeka kwemidziyo
Kupfeka kwemidziyo yekucheka kwakakamurwa kuita matanho matatu: kutanga kupfeka, kupfeka kwakajairika uye kupfeka kwakanyanya. Kana chishandiso chikapinda padanho rekupfeka rakakomba, chiyero chekupfeka kwechishandiso chinowedzera zvakanyanya, sisitimu inoita kunge isina kugadzikana, iyo vibration inowedzera, uye shanduko yehuremu hwepamusoro inowedzera zvakanyanya.
Mumunda we grey cast iron, zvikamu zvakawanda zvinogadzirwa mumabhechi, izvo zvinoda kuenderana kwemhando yechigadzirwa uye kugona kwekugadzira. Nokudaro, makambani akawanda ekugadzira machini anosarudza kuchinja maturusi pasina kumirira maturusi kusvika pachikamu chechitatu chekupfeka kwakanyanya, iyo inonziwo inosungirwa. Paunenge uchichinja maturusi, makambani ekugadzira anodzokorora kuyedza maturusi kuona yakakosha poindi, iyo inogona kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro roughness zvinodiwa uye dimensional kurongeka kwegrey cast iron pasina kukanganisa kugadzirwa kwese.
3.The pesvedzero yekucheka parameters pamusoro pehupamhi hwe grey cast iron parts.
Kusarudzwa kwakasiyana-siyana kwekucheka zvigadziro kune simba guru pamusoro pehupamhi hwepamusoro uye inofanira kubhadharwa zvakakwana. Kupedzisa inzira yakakosha yekuve nechokwadi chekuomarara kwe grey cast iron parts. Naizvozvo, panguva yekupedzisa, maparamendi ekucheka anofanirwa kunge ari kunyanya kuve nechokwadi chekuomarara kwegrey cast iron zvikamu, uchifunga nezvekuita uye inodiwa yehupenyu hwekushandisa. Kudzika kwekucheka kwekupedzisa kunotarirwa nemargin yakasara mushure mekugadzira machining zvichienderana nekurongeka kwekugadzira uye kushata kwepamusoro zvinodiwa. Kazhinji, kudzika kwekucheka kunodzorwa mukati me 0.5mm. Panguva imwecheteyo, chero bedzi kuomarara kwechishandiso chemuchina kuchibvumidza, kuchekwa kwechishandiso kunogona kushandiswa zvizere uye kumhanya kwekucheka kwepamusoro kunogona kushandiswa kumhanyisa-kumhanya machining egrey cast iron parts.
4. Kupesvedzera zvimwe zvinhu pamusoro roughness pamusoro grey cast iron zvikamu
Semuyenzaniso, grey cast iron zvikamu ivo pachavo vane zvimwe zvirema zvekukanda, kusarudzwa kwemvura yekucheka zvisina musoro, uye nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzirisa zvinokanganisa kushata kwegrey cast iron parts.
Injiniya yemidziyo yakati, "Pamusoro pezvinhu zvitatu zvakakura zvematurusi emuchina, maturusi ekucheka, uye kucheka paramita, zvinhu zvakaita sekucheka mvura, grey cast iron zvikamu pachavo, uye nzira dzekugadzirisa zvakare zvine chekuita nekushata kwegrey. simbi dzakakandwa, senge kutendeuka, kugaya, Painobhowa grey cast iron zvikamu, CBN maturusi anogona zvakare muchina wepamusoro roughness yeRa0.8 kana chishandiso chemuchina, kucheka paramita uye zvimwe zvinhu zvichibvumira, asi zvichave nemhedzisiro upenyu hwekushandisa. Izvo zvakananga zvinoda kutongwa maererano nemamiriro chaiwo ekugadzirisa. “.
5. Pfupiso
Tichifunga nezve chokwadi chekuti kushata kwepamusoro kunobata zvakananga pakuita kwezvikamu zvemuchina, uye zvinhu zvinokanganisa kushata kwepamusoro mukugadzirwa chaiko zvinobva kune akawanda maficha, zvinofanirwa kutarisisa zvinhu zvese uye kugadzirisa zvakanyanya hupfumi kuti uende. roughness sezvinodiwa zvinoshanda zvinodiwa.
三, Maitiro ekuvandudza kupedzisa kwepamusoro kwe castings (ductile iron castings)
Sandblasting
Hunyanzvi:
Geza nepeturu (120#) woomesa nemhepo yakamanikidzwa → Kufuridzira jecha → Furidzira jecha nemhepo yakamanikidzwa → Isa uye kurembera → Ngura isina kusimba → Geza nemvura inotonhora inoyerera → Electro-galvanize kana hard chrome.
Nzira yekuora isina simba: w (sulfuric acid) = 5% ~ 10%, tembiricha yekamuri, 5 ~ 10s.
Etching uye kukwesha nzira
Kana iyo workpiece isingabvumidzwe kuvezwa nejecha nekuda kwezvinodikanwa zvinodiwa pakurongeka kana kupedzisa kwepamusoro, nzira dzekucheka uye dzekukwesha chete dzinogona kushandiswa kuchenesa pamusoro.
nhanho:
①Petrol kukwesha (120#). Pakashandiswa mafuta kana peturu yakasviba, geza zvakare neakachena 120# peturu.
② Furidza wakaoma nemhepo yakamanikidzwa.
③kukurwa kwevhu. w (hydrochloric acid) = 15%, w (hydrofluoric acid) = 5%, tembiricha yekamuri, kusvikira ngura yabviswa. Kana kuine ngura yakawandisa uye sikero yeokisi yakakora zvakanyanya, inofanira kutanga yakururwa nemuchina. Iyo etching nguva haifanire kunge yakareba, zvikasadaro inokonzeresa hydrogenation ye substrate uye kuburitsa yakawandisa mahara kabhoni pamusoro, zvichikonzera kutadza kana kutadza kupfekedza jasi.
④ Kukwesha neraimu slurry kunogona kuburitsa zvizere kristaro latisi pamusoro peiyo workpiece uye kuwana yekuputira ine yakanaka yekubatanidza simba.
⑤ Shamba uye pukuta. Bvisa lime inonamatira kumusoro.
⑥ Kuiswa uye kurembera. Nhengo dzesimbi dzakakandwa hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka kwemagetsi, saka dzinofanirwa kunge dzakasimba kana dzakaiswa nekurembera. Panofanira kunge paine nzvimbo dzekusangana dzakawanda sezvinobvira. Nharaunda pakati pezvishandiso inofanira kunge yakakura zvishoma ka 0.3 pane iyo ye electroplated zvikamu zvakagadzirwa nezvimwe zvinhu.
⑦ activation. Chinangwa che activation ndechekubvisa iyo oxide firimu yakaumbwa panguva yekukwesha, kukwira uye mamwe maitiro. Mamiriro ekugadzirisa uye maitiro: w (sulfuric acid) = 5% ~ 10%, w (hydrofluoric acid) = 5% ~ 7%, tembiricha yekamuri, 5 ~ 10s.
⑧Sukurudza nemvura inoyerera.
⑨Electro-zinc plating kana hard chromium.
Nguva yekutumira: May-26-2024
