Mukuita kwekugadzira, makambani ekutanga anozosangana nekukanganisa kwekukanda senge shrinkage, mabhubhu, uye kupatsanurwa, zvichikonzera goho rakaderera. Kunyungudika zvakare uye kugadzirwa kuchatarisanawo nehuwandu hwehuwandu hwevashandi uye kushandiswa kwemagetsi. Maitiro ekudzikisa kuremara kwekukanda idambudziko iro foundry nyanzvi dzagara dzichinetsekana.
Nezve nyaya yekudzikisa hurema hwekukanda, John Campbell, purofesa wekuYunivhesiti yeBirmingham kuUK, ane nzwisiso yakasiyana yekudzikisa hurema hwekukanda. Kare muna 2001, Li Dianzhong, muongorori paInstitute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy yeSainzi, akaita kupisa kwekugadzirisa hurongwa hwekufananidza uye kugadzira dhizaini pasi pekutungamirwa naProfessor John Campbell. Nhasi, Intercontinental Media yakanyora runyoro rwemisimboti gumi yepamusoro yekudzikisa hurema hwekukanda hwakakurudzirwa nenyanzvi dzepasi rose John Campbell.
1.Good castings inotanga nepamusoro-soro yekunyungudutsa
Kana wangotanga kudurura castings, unofanira kutanga kugadzirira, kutarisa uye kubata smelting maitiro. Kana zvichidikanwa, mwero wakaderera unogamuchirika unogona kugamuchirwa. Nekudaro, iri nani sarudzo kugadzirira uye kutora hurongwa hwekunyungudutsa padyo ne zero defects.
2.Dzivisa mhirizhonga inclusions pane yakasununguka mvura yepamusoro
Izvi zvinoda kudzivirira yakawandisa kuyerera velocity kumberi kwemahara kwemvura pamusoro (meniscus). Kune simbi zhinji, iyo yakanyanya kuyerera velocity inodzorwa pa 0.5m/s. Kune akavharwa ekukanda masisitimu kana akatetepa-madziro mativi, iyo yakanyanya kuyerera velocity ichawedzerwa zvakakodzera. Ichi chinodiwa zvakare chinoreva kuti kureba kwekudonha kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa hakugone kudarika kukosha kwakakosha kwe "static drop" kureba.
3.Dzivisa laminar inclusions yepamusoro condensate shells musimbi yakanyungudutswa
Izvi zvinoda kuti panguva yese yekuzadza, hapana kumberi kwekuyerera kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa kunofanirwa kumira kuyerera nguva isati yakwana. Iyo yakanyungudutswa yesimbi meniscus padanho rekutanga rekuzadza inofanirwa kuramba ichifambiswa uye isingakanganiswe nekukora kwepamusoro condensate magomba, ayo anozova chikamu chekukanda. Kuti uwane mhedzisiro iyi, kumucheto kwemberi kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa kunogona kugadzirwa kuti iwedzere kuenderera. Mukuita, kudira kwepasi chete "kukwira" kunogona kuita kuenderera mberi kusimuka. (Semuenzaniso, mukukanda giravhiti, inotanga kuyerera ichikwira kubva pasi pemumhanyi wakatwasuka). Izvi zvinoreva:
Pazasi kudurura hurongwa;
Kwete "kudzika" kudonha kana kutsvedza kwesimbi;
Hapana yakakura yakatwasuka inoyerera;
Hapana kumberi-kumagumo kumira kwesimbi nekuda kwekudururwa kana kubuda kwemvura.
4.Dzivisa kuvharirwa kwemhepo (bubble generation)
Dzivisa kuvharirwa kwemhepo mudururira system kubva pakukonzera mabubbles kupinda mugomba. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa ne:
Kugadzira zvine mutsindo mukombe wekudira wakatsikwa;
Kugadzira zvinonzwisisika sprue kukurumidza kuzadza;
Zvinonzwisisika kushandisa "dhamu";
Dzivisa kushandisa "tsime" kana imwe nzira yakazaruka yekudurura;
Kushandisa diki diki-chikamu mumhanyi kana kushandisa ceramic sefa padhuze nekubatana pakati pesprue nemuchinjikwa mumhanyi;
Kushandisa degassing device;
Kudira kwacho hakuna kukanganiswa.
5.Dzivisa jecha core pores
Dzivisa mabhuru emhepo anogadzirwa nejecha core kana jecha mold kuti asapinde musimbi yakanyungudutswa mugomba. Iyo jecha musimboti unofanirwa kuve nemhepo yakadzikira zvakanyanya, kana kushandisa enisiti yakakodzera kudzivirira kugadzirwa kwejecha core pores. Clay-based sand cores kana mold repair glue haigone kushandiswa kunze kwekunge yakaoma zvachose.
6.Dzivisa shrinkage cavities
Nekuda kweconvection uye kusagadzikana kudzvanywa gradients, hazvigoneke kuwana kumusoro shrinkage yekudyisa kune gobvu uye hombe muchinjiko-chikamu castings. Naizvozvo, mitemo yese yekudyisa shrinkage inofanirwa kutevedzwa kuve nechokwadi chekugadzira dhizaini yakanaka, uye tekinoroji yekutevedzera komputa inofanirwa kushandiswa kuonesa uye kukanda masampuli chaiwo. Dzora mwero wekupenya pakubatana pakati pejecha mold uye jecha core; kudzora hupamhi hwekukanda coating (kana iripo); kudzora alloy uye kukanda tembiricha.
7.Dzivisa convection
Convection njodzi dzine chekuita nenguva yekusimbisa. Yakatetepa-yakakomberedzwa uye gobvu-yakavezwa castings haikanganiswe nenjodzi dzeconvection. Kukandira kwepakati-ukobvu: kuderedza convection njodzi kuburikidza nekukanda chimiro kana maitiro;
Dzivisa kumusoro shrinkage kudya;
Kupinduka mushure mekudira.
8.Kuderedza kusarura
Dzivirira kupatsanurwa uye kudzora mukati meiyo chiyero chiyero, kana iyo yekuumbwa muganhu nzvimbo inotenderwa nemutengi. Kana zvichiita, edza kudzivisa kupatsanurwa kwechiteshi.
9.Reduce zvakasara kushushikana
Mushure mekugadzirisa kurapwa kwemagetsi emwenje, usadzima nemvura (inotonhora kana inopisa mvura). Kana kushushikana kwekukanda kusingaite kunge kwakakura, shandisa polymer quenching medium kana kumanikidza mweya kudzima.
10.Given reference points
Yese ma castings anofanirwa kupihwa chinzvimbo chereferensi mapoinzi ekuongorora uye kugadzirisa.
Nguva yekutumira: May-30-2024
